Тема урока: Environmental problems are the result of conflict between the Earth and people.

Цель урока - обучать иноязычной культуре общения, создавая условия для овладения всеми аспектами ИК: познавательным, учебным, развивающим и воспитательным; внутри учебного аспекта — всеми видами речевой деятельности: чтением, говорением, аудированием, письмом.

социокультурный аспект — знакомство природными бедствиями в англоязычных странах, с тем, как жители этих стран заботятся о природе

развивающий аспект — развитие способности к сравнению, умозаключению, способности формулировать выводы, умения понимать определять внутреннюю организацию текста, способности к обобщению, логичности и доказательности; формирование самостоятельности;

воспитательный аспект — воспитание уважительного отношения к природе,; формирование способности осознавать экологические проблемы, осознавать роль человека во взаимодействии с природой; формирование ответственного отношения к природе; формирование желания помочь природе; формирование уважительного отношения к мнению другого; развитие обеспокоенности экологической ситуацией вокруг; формирование уважительного отношения к природным богатствам страны;

учебный аспект — формирование лексических навыков чтения и говорения; развитие умения аудировать и читать с целью извлечения конкретной информации; развитие умения понимать на слух с общим охватом содержания; развитие умения говорить на основе прочитанного; развитие речевого умения (диалогическая форма речи).

Средства активизации учебного материала:

УМК М.З.Биболетовой 9 класс,

аудиофайл,

дополнительный материал по теме.

Ход урока

1. Listen to the poem and say what we are to talk about.

All woods are homes to animals,

So we behave like guests.

We only looked and never touched,

The birds’ and rabbits’ nets.

2. We live on the planet called the Earth. It is our home. But we don’t take care of it and many ecological problems appear at our home because of the conflict between the Earth and people. Read the texts in groups and say what problem the text is about.

CLIMATE CHANGING

The way people live has changed the climate on our planet. Climate changing is a result of environmental pollution and deforestation.

Plants and factories burn oil, coal and wood and produce carbon dioxide. People produce most of waste that cause air pollution. Aerosol sprays and other chemicals destroy the ozone layer which protects the Earth from ultraviolet radiation which comes from the sun. They have helped to make a huge hole in the ozone layer. Now too much ultraviolet radiation enters the Earth’s atmosphere through the hole. And we should remember that the ultraviolet radiation can cause skin cancer.

Rainforests help to reduce pollution levels in the atmosphere and affect the weather around the world. But people destroy the rainforests every day.

All these factors have formed a “blanket” around the Earth. This “blanket” traps the heat of the sun. This is a “greenhouse effect”. It means that the Earth’s climate is changing. The Earth is getting warmer and warmer. Nowadays the temperature is rising. We don’t have “real winter” any more. In the North of Europe the climate has become milder and warmer too.

Scientists say that if the temperature grows by 3-4 degrees it will be impossible to live on the planet. So people must do their best to stop the destroying of the ozone layer and protect rainforests from deforestation.

WATER POLLUTION

Water is very important for life on the Earth. It is in oceans, seas, rivers and lakes. Water is a necessary part for existence of all living things. Human body contains from 50% to 70% of water. Every day the average household uses about 500 liters of water for drinking, cooking, hygiene needs, laundry, etc. Water is essential for our health so the quality of water is one of the most important problems in the civilized world.

There is much water on our planet and at the same time there is little water on it. It is so because very little water on the Earth is good for drinking. The supply of clean water is getting less every day because of its useless consumption and pollution.

For example, Lake Baikal is the deepest freshwater lake on the Earth. The lake is very beautiful but now it is in great danger, because of the factories which are near it. At some places the water in the lake is so dirty that it can kill animals and plants in Baikal and near it.

The main source of water pollution is the man. Plants and factories often dump their waste directly into rivers and lakes. This waste is often toxic. Though the pollutants can be carried away they never disappear and the quality of water dramatically falls.

Air pollution has a negative impact on water quality too. Air pollutants can be deposited on land and water, sometimes at great distances from their original sources.

The pollution of the world’s ocean is the result of human’s careless interaction with nature, a sign of ecological crises. If people want to survive they must do their best to solve the problems of environmental pollution.

AIR POLLUTION

Air is necessary for the existence of all living things so air pollution is one of the most important problems worldwide.

Modern plants and factories send a lot of smoke into air so nowadays it is difficult to breathe in big cities. Enterprises burn oil, coal and wood and produce carbon dioxide that cause destroying the ozone layer and climate changing.

Because of the Industrial Revolution factories spew out smoke and chemicals that had never been in contact with human lungs before. As a result, people have new diseases, allergic reactions, and poor health.

Aerosol sprays and other chemicals also destroy the ozone layer which protects the Earth from ultraviolet radiation which comes from the sun. Air pollution has a negative impact on water quality.

Air pollutants can be deposited on land and water, sometimes at great distances from their original sources.

A further result of air pollution is acid rain. Acid rain basically appears when factories release high levels of sulphur into the air. The sulphur then combines with rainwater to form a weak sulphuric acid. Acid rain itself cannot harm humans but it harms our environment. Over time, the acid rain can kill plants, weaken structures and life in entire lakes and rivers.

ENDANGERED SPECIES

Today the danger to our natural world is increasing every day and many species are becoming extinct. Modern life is bad for them. The air is not fresh and the water is not clean. They don’t often have good things to eat and space to live. Every day people destroy rainforests and when trees are cut down many animals lose their homes. We need to do something soon or else many creatures won’t survive.

We can find the names of many animals, fish and birds in the Red Book. These animals are rare – we hardly ever see them in the wild. People must take special care of them all. For example, Indian tigers are in the Red Book now. People have hunted and killed many tigers in India. Some people killed them to save their domestic animals or their lives. And some people killed the tigers for fun or for their beautiful skin which they can easily sell at high prices.

As a result, there are few Indian tigers on the Earth now. Many of them are old animals and most tigers hide from people in deep dark forests. And the question is: “Have these animals got a future?”

We should do whatever we can to make sure endangered species become survive. People must find the right balance between land, people and animals.

DEFORESTATION

Some people’s activities do a lot of harm to the forests. People cut down trees to build houses, roads, factories and plants. Deforestation is a very serious environmental problem.

The world’s great rainforests are all near the equator, in Africa, South America and South-East Asia. These rainforests are homes to millions of kinds of exotic animals, birds, reptiles, insects, strange plants and beautiful flowers. Three quarters of the world’s species live in the rainforests. If we destroy their habitat many of them will not survive.

Amazon rainforest is the biggest and most important in South America. Scientists believe that plants from the forest could give us many important new medicines such as cures for cancer and AIDS.

The forests help to reduce pollution levels in the atmosphere and affect the weather around the world. Without forests our planet might not survive.

People know it but continue to destroy forests every day. Logging companies cut down trees to sell the wood, farmers clear the land to grow food crops, people build towns and roads where the forest used to be. Vast forests are cut and burn in fire. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result, a number of rivers and lakes dry up, some rare species of animals, fish, birds and plants disappear forever.

3. Read the texts again. Answer the question. What is your opinion about the ecological problems?

I’m worried about …. /I find the problem of … crucial/ I’m worried that … is/are badly polluted.

Firstly…

Secondly…

Thirdly…

4. Not only pollution but also the Earth is often dangerous for people and nature. People, animals, birds, fields, forests suffer from natural disasters. Make a list of natural disasters you know:

• Earthquake
• Volcano
• Flood
• Hurricane
• Tornado
• Drought

Which disasters happen in your area where you live? And what about the USA? Listen to the information and check your guesswork.

https://www.newsinlevels.com/products/two-tornadoes-level-1/

This news is from Nebraska, USA. Two tornadoes hit the state. Locals must go away. The tornadoes destroy half of one town. They destroy some farms, too. One person dies. Sixteen people are injured.

The winds inside the tornadoes are very fast. Their speeds are 165 miles per hour (266 kilometres per hour). The state is in danger. Police close roads which are not safe.

Ask each other if we have tornados in our country.

5. You see, nature can be violent if we don’t care about it. Give some examples of your ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. Ask one another about protecting environment.

-Have you ever campaigned for anything?

-Yes, I have I have campaigned for protecting birds in winter, collecting litter, taking care of plants.

- As for me I would organize a campaign for taking care of plants, for example planting baby trees and flowers in my school yard.

6. Environmental protection is a universal concern. Today the danger to our planet is increasing every day and in order to improve the situation both individuals and government should work together. Here is a part of a British boy’s letter Tom who is answering the question.

To save energy I try not to watch TV much. And I use my computer only if I need it to do my homework. What do you do to protect the environment?

Write e-mail letter to the question. Use examples of writing e-mail letters.

Subject: Thx for yr msg
Re your msg left on my ans machine – yes, I’m free 4 dinner on Wed next wk. Btw, good news about yr interview. Hv 2 work now. CU, Juliya.

Если написать это письмо без сокращений:

Subject: Thanks for your message.
Re your message on my answer machine – yes, I am free for dinner on Wednesday next week. By the way, good news about your interview. I have to work now. See you, Juliya.

7. Describe your achievements ticking the reached level.